Oil burner



April 26, 1932. H LL ET AL 1,855,758

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 2, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l may/#1111:

April 26, 1932. D. H. HILL ET AL OIL BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 2, 1930 Patented Apr. 26, 1932 j UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE DEWEY H. HILL AND GRAYDCN'BdBINSON, F MACOMB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,"1O GLOBE AMERICAN CORPORATION, OF KOKQMO, INDIANA,

A CORPORATION 01? INDIANA m BURNER Application filed January 2, 1930. Serial No. 417,867.

Our invention relates towickless oil burn? u 0 I ers and in some of its generalob ects aims to provide a simple, inexpensive, durable and eflicient burner which will afford two concen-- tric flames, free of dart points and of smoke,

which will completely vaporizethe oil before intermingling the oil with air, which will 1 spread the flames out radially of the burner but only to a limited extent, which will preheat the air supply, and which will not permit the flame to snap downwardly into the air supply.

More particularl'yfour invention aims to provide atwin blast oil burner in which concentric .fuel outletsv are defined by a single ring seated in an annular trough, in which the trough and the ring are relatively so .formed as to provide'an oil vaporizing chambe detached without e tinguishi ng the burner for cleaning the burner.

In one of its immediate commercial applications, our. oil burner is particularly suited for use as the heating device in a garage heater of the vertical drum type. Hence we are illustrating anddescribing it in an embodiment suitable for this purpose in the accompanying drawings and in the following specification, from both of which further and more detailed objects will also appear.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a plan view'of an oil burner embodying our invention, with a portion of the flame spreader broken away.

Fig. 2 is a'reduced plan view of the base casting or oil burner body alone.

Fig. 3 is a central and vertical section taken along, the line 3 3 of Fig. 1 and drawn taken along theline 5 of out on the same scale as Fig.1.

Fig. at is a fragmentary side elevation of the burner, viewed from the right-hand side of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section,

Fig.3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged radial section through the detachable vaporizing ring.

Fig. 7 is a similarly enlarged radial section through the oil trough.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged radial section through the oil ring and the vaporizing member.

Inthe illustrated embodiment, our oil burner includesan annular burner body 1 having a,

depressed portion affording an annular. drip trough 2 adjacent to its inner edge; a troughlike oil ring 3 of slightly smaller diameter. than the bore'l A of the burner bodv and provided with lugs 4 seated on the said body, each lug being fastened to the body by a screw 5 so as to hold the oil ring concentric with the drip trough; a flame spreader supported so as to dispose its major portion concentric with and freely spaced upwardly from both the oil ring and the radially inner portion of the drip trough; and a vaporizing and fuelconfining ring 6 detachably seated in the trough-like oil ring. It also includes an oil supply pipe 7 connected to the bottom of the trough like oil ring, a drip pan 8 underhanging the entire burner body, and an overflow pipe connected to the bottom of the drip pan.- I

The oil ring 3 has the lower portion of its trough contracted in width so as to present annular horizontal ledges 9 and 10 (Fig. 7),

and the vaporizing ring 6. is provided .with

a downwardly open groove 11 for afi'ording an annular space A above ,the bottom portion B off-he oil trough (which bottom-portion is below the said ledges 9 and 10) and spacing two bottom face portions 12 and 13of the oil ringwhich'respectively seat onthe said ledges. I

' The troughwalls 3 A and above the said ledges flare upwardly away from each other, and the inner trough wall 3 A preferably extends somewhat higher than the outer trough wall 3 B. The oil ring desirably has its inner and outer walls machined so that these closely approach the said trough walls 3 A and 3 B, for which purpose an ordinary slip fit suffices, since the pressure ofivaporized oil is suflicient to force the resulting vapor .through crevices of quite small width. Such crevices are readily afforded between the ledges 9 and 10 of the trough and the bottom of the vaporizing ring, and also between the sides of this ring and the trough walls, in the ordinary machining of these parts, as has long been known in oil burner practice. Depending from the bottom of the oil ring at one side of the latter is a lug 14; which lug is bored to provide a side bore 14 A into which the oil supply pipe 7 is threaded, and a riser bore 15'1eading from the inner end of the said side bore upwardly into the trough of the oil ring to supply oil from the said pipe to the trough bottom portion B.' To provide for the convenient attaching of the oil supply pipe 7 to the lug 14, we reduce the depth of the drip trough 2 above this pipe (as shown at 2 A in Fig. 2), and forv this purpose desirably arch the adjacent portion of the burner body to such an extent (as shown in Figs. 4 and 5) as to leave a considerable air space between the said body and the oil supp y p p Then we'also provlde the drip pan 8 with i a lateral aperture through which recess the oil supply pipe 7 extends. This drip pan has at its mouth an outwardly extending flange 8 B supportedfrom the body 1 by bolts 24; and washers 25 of uniform thickness are interposed between the said flange and the body so as to provide a gap of uniform height through which air can enter the upper portion of the drip pan from all sides of the pan.

In operating our twin blast burner, oil is supplied through the pipe 7 in sufficient quantity to maintain a continuous supply of 'oil in the trough bottom portion B, and the burner is'readily lighted by applying a light to one of the said annular crevlces between an upper trough wall portion (3 A or 3 B) and the adjacent side wall of the detachable vaporizing ring 6. The heat of the resulting flame soon heats the said ring to such a temperature as to vaporize oil-in the trough bottom portion B under-this ring, and the bottom groove in the vaporizing ring 6 permits the resulting vapor to equalize within the annular space A above the oil, so that this vapor is forced out at equal pressures from all circumferential portions of the annular crevices between the vaporizing ring 6 and the trough of the oil ring, thereby affording concentric tubular flames each of a uniform height throughout its circumference. The oil ring 3 and the vaporizing ring 6 thus consitute a fuel vaporizing member for producing concentric flames, and with a suitable inner edge of the said flaring outer portion. This cup-shaped portion comprises a radially inner (cup-bottom) part 16 B connected to the downwardly flaring part 16 A of the flame spreader by a riser wall 16 C which has an outside diameter approximating that of the upper edge of the inner trough wall 3 A.

This flame spreader has lugs 17 at one edge, which lugs are hinged on a horizontal axis to lugs 18 on the burner body by a pivot pin 19, and the flame spreader also has a depending lug 20 diametrically opposite the middle of the pivot pin 19 and normally seating on the upper edge of the inner wall of the drip trough 2. The several lugs are so proportioned in height that the bottom of the cupshaped central part of the flame spreader is disposed aboi e the level of the top ofthe inner wall of the oil ring, and the downwardly flaring outer part of the flame spreader is of such conicity that the outer edge of this part 16 A is disposed above the level of the inner wall 3 A of the drip trough.

Moreover. the said outer flaring flange of the flame spreader is preferably provided with a plurality of flame apertures 21, which apertures desirably flare upwardly (as sh own in Fig. 3). The apertures are at a uniform distance from the axis of the flame spreader (which spreader is coaxial with both the oil ring and the drip trough of the burner body) and the apertures 21 also preferably are uniformly spaced circumferentiallv of the said axis.

When our burner is in use. the air which enters the drip pan above the oil supnlv pipe passes upwardly through the upwardly tapering central bore of the oil trough and issues (along the path-of the arrow 0 in Fig. 3) into the space D above the oil trough and below the downwardly fl'aring outer portion of the flame spreader. At the same time. air also passes into this same space D (along the arrow B) through the upwardly converging annular air passage between the outer wall of the oil trough and the inner wall of the drip trough. The vapors rising from the annular crevices between the vaporizing ring and the oil trough also rise into the same space D, and indeed are forcibly projected into'this space by the pressure of the vapor. so that this space affords an effective mixina chamber for the vaporized oil and the air.

draft for the heater in which our burner is AS the result of 0111 above described mounted, the burner produces eflicient twin blast flames.

Tospreads these flames burner, we provide a flame spreader comprising a radially outer annular portion 16 A which flares downwardly and which has its outer edge overhanging the radially inrier portion of the inner wall 2 A of the drip trough, and a cup-shaped radially inner spreader portion 16 B depending from the radially of the rangement, our burner produces an upwardly flaring outer and conical flame (directed along the arrow H of Fig. 2) and an inner plurality of flames which issue respectively from the apertures 21 and which may merge into each other above the burner. The disposition of the outer wall of the cup-shaped central portion of the flame spreader aid in spreading the flames radially outward of the burner,- so that these can be directed effective- 7 1y against the drum of a heater in which my ever. So also, the lugs 18 and 19 can all be quite low. S0

so narrow in proportion to the length of the upper edge of the inner wall of the drip trough as not to affect the outer flame materially, so that we readily secure both inner and outer flames each extending to a substantially uniform extent from the burner, which is not possible with the customary burner constructions in which bridge portions impede the air supply and cause eddy currents to produce jagged flames.

Furthermore, the air supplied to the mixing chamber D is preheated by its contact with the heated oil trough and the likewise heated flame spreader,and the mixture of the fuel vapor withinthe' mixing chamber is further heated by the flame spreader, so that we readily' secureboth a perfectcombustion (which makes the flames free of smoke) and a high burner efliciency.

If any irregularity in the flames shows that an accumulation of dirt, oil impurities or the like-ware interfering with the normal action of the burner, the vaporizing ring 6 can instantly be lifted out of the 011 trough (after swinging the flame spreader out of the way) to permit a cleaning'of both the vaporizing ring, the flame spreader, and the oil trough.

Moreover, since the air has to flow through circuitous paths and throu h narrower annular passages before reac ing the mixing chamber, the flames of my burner will not snap back into the interior portions of the burner below this mixing chamber, so-that we avoid explosions such as frequently extinguish the flames in burners heretofore in use.

'Since the body, oil trough, vaporizing ring and flame spreader of our burner can readily be made of cast iron and require very little machining, these parts are all quite durable and the entire initial cost ofour burner is also, any parts can easily and cheaply be replaced.

In practice, we have secured eflicient results by forming the cup-shaped central part of the flame spreader with a flat bottom of a diameter approximating the upper end of the bore of the oil trough; with both the inner wall of the oil trough and the inner wall of the drip trough extending higher than the outer wall of the oil trough; and

with the flame apertures 21 in the flame spreader nearer to the cup-shaped portion of the latter than to its periphery.

However, we do not wish to be limited to these or other details of the construction and from the appended claims. Nor do we wish to be limited to the uses to which my burner may be applied.

We claim as our invention:

1. A vaporizing member for an oil burner, comprising an oil ring having an upwardly open annular trough formed therein, the said trough having its lower portion narrowed radially .ofthe. trough to present an' upwardly facing annular ledge,.the vaporizing'member having means for admitting liquid fuel to the trough below the said ledge; and a vaporizing ring seated on the said ledge within the trough and having its riser faces close to the inner and outer walls of the trough respectively.

2. A vaporizing member for an oil burner,

5. An oil burner as per claim 1, including 1 a flame spreader extending above the trough,

the vertical spacing of the flame spreader being greater from the outer than from the inner wall of the trough.

6. In an oil burner, a body member having a circular opening whose axis is vertical, an annular fuel vaporizing member coaxial with the said opening and having its upper outer edge spaced radially inward from thesaid opening, a flame spreader disposed above both of the aforesaid members and formed to present a downwardly open annular mixing chamber above the vaporizing member, and a drip pan underhanging thebody member and extending below the vaporizing member, the drip pan being of greater diameter than the said opening in the body member and having the major portion of the mouth of the pan freely spaced downward from the body member to admit air therebetween.

7. In an oil burner, an annular and axially vertical vaporizing .member constructed for emitting vaporized oil in the form or two concentric vert'ical tubes, and a flame spreader concentric with and freely overhanging the said vaporizing member and having an annular portion of arched radial cross-section above the" vaporizing member, the flame spreader being of greater diameter than the vaporizing member and having perforations in its said arched portion but being otherwise imperforate.

8. In an oil burner, an annular fuel vaporizing member, and a flame spreader including a radially inner portion, the radially inner portion having its bottom disposed above the level of the top of the vaporizing member and connected to the said peripheral flange by a riser wall disposed near the radially Inner edge of the vaporizing member, the vaporizing member being constructed for directing vaporized fuel in a tubular formation against the said riser Wall.

9. In an oil burner. a body member having a circular opening whose axis is vertical, an annular fuel vaporizing member coaxial with the said opening and having its upper outer edge spaced radially inward from the said opening, a flame spreader disposed above both of the aforesaid members and formed to present a' downwardly open annular mixing chamber above the vaporizing member; the body member also having a drip trough formed therein radially outward of the said opening; a drip pan into which the drip trough freely depends. and means for supporting the drip pan with the major portion of the mouth of the pan uniformly and freely spaced'downwardly from the portion of the body member overhanging the said pan mouth. a

10. In an oil burner, a body member formed to provide an annular drip trough having an upwardly tapering inner wall surrounding a circular opening in the body member; an annular fuel vaporizing member supported from the body member coaxially with the trough and having the major-portion of its periphery freely spaced from the said inner trough wall; and a flame spreader including a central imperforate portion freely overhanging the bore of the vaporizing member,

and having a peripheral flange overhanging the vaporizing member and the said inner wall of the drip trough, the said flange having perforations.uniformly spaced from the axis of the vaporizing member. I

11. In an oil burner, an annular oil vaporizing member having a vertical axis, and a flame spreader coaxial with and entirely above'the said member; the flame spreader comprising a.central horizontal portion of a diameter smaller than the bore of the said member, a tubular portion extending upward- 1y. from the outer edge of the said horizontal portion, and a flange'extending outwardly and downwardly from the .upper end of the said tubular portion.

12. In an oil burner, an annular oil vaporizing member having a vertical axis, and a flame spreader coaxial with and entirely above the said member; the flame spreader including a frustro-conica'l flange or greater exterior diameter than the said member and provided with upwardly flaring and circumferentially spaced apertures overhanging the said member, the flame spreader being otherw1se imperforate.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, December 28th.

DEWEY H. HILL. 'GRAYDON ROBINSON. 

